这首名为Leave Her,Johnny的爱尔兰船歌,通常会留到整个航程最后一天再唱,也就是全体船员下船之前。这个时候船员们可以任意表达自己内心的情绪。由于歌词经常被改写,用来嘲笑船长、军需官等高级船员,因此不准在海军舰船上唱,而只能在私人船或海盗船上演唱。 在海军舰船上不尊重高级官员,船员只会挨罚。
较早的歌词版本可以追溯至1917年,其最初的创作源头仍然不明,但歌的主旋律却在大洋上其它船歌声中经常能听到,这些船歌经常共用一个旋律。这首可能比歌词诞生时间更早的旋律,激励着那些身无分文、刚刚从爱尔兰大饥荒(1846-1850)中逃出来的人们。
图1 爱尔兰大饥荒,英国画家詹姆士·马奥尼作于1847年;一度使得爱尔兰的总人口减少了20%至25%
Leave Her, Johnny 采用标准的四四拍写成;
每节的第一、三行由一名水手领唱,剩下水手合唱第二、四行,这也体现出水手号子演唱的一大特点。副歌也采取合唱形式,盒友们可能注意到英文歌词中有些行押韵,有些不押韵,这为水手们提供了自由创作的空间。
因为可以自由创作歌词,这首船歌传唱了相当长一段时间,任何个人都可以加入歌词创作。这首歌在两种情境下可以唱,一种是“抱怨情绪时唱的歌”,即水手们对船上恶劣的居住环境进行抱怨,如果对船上长官直接提出不满会被惩罚,就通过这种形式发泄不满。
另一种是“干活时唱的号子”,即“Pumping song”,当船工将船抽干时,为工人们加油鼓气而唱。这时的船通常已经停在港口里了。
图2 船上的工人们正在船坞里抽干刚返航的船只,Leave Her, Johnny 就是在这时唱的。
Leave Her, Johnny
Sean Dagher
[Verse 1]
I thought I heard the Old Man say
我想我听见那老头说[1]
"Leave her, Johnny, leave her."
“离开她吧,小子,离开她吧” [2] [3]
Tomorrow you will get your pay
明天你就会拿到报酬
And it's time for us to leave her
到了我们离开她的时候
[1]“老头(the Old Man)”,(俚语)船长;
[2]“她(her)”,指船员所在的船,传统上海员都是用西方语言中的女性代词来称呼船只的;
“离开她吧(leave her)”,是劝说船员在航行结束时下船;
[3]乔尼(Johnny),类似于“张三李四”这种名字,最早产生在英国,多用来指代不知名男性。
图3 旧时殖民者在海上航行的帆船
[Chorus]
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
For the voyage is long and the winds don't blow
旅途漫长,风已停歇
And it's time for us to leave her
到了我们离开她的时候
[Verse 2]
Oh, the wind was foul and the sea ran high
海风污浊 巨浪滔天
"Leave her, Johnny, leave her!"
“离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧”
She shipped it green and none went by
她锈迹斑斑 无船再经过
或“巨浪滔滔 无人能逃”[4]
And it's time for us to leave her
是时候离开她了
[4]该句存在争议,因“shipped it green”中“green”有多种理解。
- 网易版,将“green”理解为锈迹,这种说法暂时仅见于网易云;
- 意译版,认为“green”指代天气恶劣时浪花打在甲板上呈现出的绿色,国内外翻译版本都有这种说法;
- 有翻译者认为,“green”是指船只行驶在靠近陆地的近海,理由是英语中“blue water”即蓝水指代深海,“green water”即绿水指靠近海岸的水,“brown water”即褐水指代靠近河流或海岸的水;
- 有翻译者认为,“green”指新手船员,“none went by”是指没有拒绝任何新人船员,因为通常只有经验丰富的船员才受欢迎,体现出“我们的船”接纳并包容了所有人,不分新手还是老手。该说法引述了1994版美国俚语词典中的解释。
图4 靠近海岸的清澈海水,通常呈现出绿色;与之形成对比,远处的深海呈现出蓝色
[Chorus]
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
For the voyage is long and the winds don't blow
旅途漫长,风已停歇
And it's time for us to leave her
到了我们离开她的时候
[Verse 3]
I hate to sail on this rotten tub
我讨厌乘着这艘破船
"Leave her, Johnny, leave her!"
“离开她吧,小子,离开她吧”
No grog allowed and rotten grub
酒也喝不上 饭也吃不着
And it's time for us to leave her
是时候离开她了
这段描述了水手们船上的生活环境,出海时食物经常变质,许多水手因缺乏营养而生病。另一版本中还出现“牛肉就是盐(beef is salt)”一句,这种说法与保存肉的方法有关。 船上存放的鱼或肉必须加大量盐以防止其变质。
图5 坏血病,由缺乏维生素C引起,过去几百年间在远航海员中尤为严重,故有“水手的恐惧”和“海上凶神”之称。
[Chorus]
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
For the voyage is long and the winds don't blow
旅途漫长,风已停歇
And it's time for us to leave her
到了我们离开她的时候
这段讲沮丧的船员恳求船长放弃航行。 无论是糟糕的食物,睡眠不足还是恶劣的天气,这名船员都呼吁不要冒险出海。
图6 利用酒瘾吸引人们当上水手,实际船上的生活条件通常很恶劣
[Verse 4]
We swear by rote for want of more
我们曾迎着涛声发誓要抢得更多
"Leave her, Johnny, leave her!"
“离开她吧,小子,离开她吧”
But now we're through so we'll go on shore
现在弟兄们已经散伙 该上岸了
And it's time for us to leave her
是时候离开她了
这段描述了水手们梦想着赚更多的钱,因为他们的收入总是不够。现在他们的航行已经结束,终于可以休息一下了。
[Chorus]
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离开她吧,水手小子,离开她吧!
For the voyage is long and the winds don't blow
旅途漫长,风已停歇
And it's time for us to leave her
到了我们离开她的时候
这首歌还有其它版本。一些专门演唱民歌或水手号子的乐队,会在现场根据演奏的版本,对歌词进行变更。
图7 水手资源稀缺时,甚至出现过强征水手的情况,或骗取水手签署假协议,实际工资很低
版本2
Oh, the times were hard and the wages are low,
时运不济 薪酬又低
(Leave her, Johnny, leave her!)
离开她吧 离开她吧
I guess it's time for us to go,
我猜是时候该走了
(And it's time for us to leave her!)
是时候该离开她了
Beware these packet ships, I say!
堤防邮船 我跟你说
(Leave her, Johnny, leave her!)
离开她吧 离开她吧
They'll steal your stores and your clothes away
他们会偷你的衣服和货
(And it's time for us to leave her!)
是时候该离开她了
{Chorus}
Leave her, Johnny, leave her
离开她吧 离开她吧
Oh leave her, Johnny, leave her
离开她吧 离开她吧
当然,还有更加文艺的翻译版本,只是缺少了一些海盗的狂野气息。
图8 船上的粮食,罐头发明前船上一直储备这种饼干,储存效果并不好
版本3(Viracl版,采自网易云,保留原翻译)
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离她怀抱,离她怀抱,
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
水手小子,离她怀抱!
For the voyage is long an' the winds don't blow,
航途遥遥,风驻云销,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
I thought I heard the old man say,
港湾老叟,谆谆相告,
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离她怀抱,离她怀抱,
An' tomorrow ye will get your pay,
辛劳得偿,只待明朝,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离她怀抱,离她怀抱,
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
水手小子,离她怀抱!
For the voyage is long an' the winds don't blow,
航途遥遥,风驻云销,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
Oh the wind was foul an' the sea ran high,
风雨欲来,浪头渐高,
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
水手小子,离她怀抱!
She shipped it green an' none went by,
巨浪滔滔,无人能逃,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离她怀抱,离她怀抱,
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
水手小子,离她怀抱!
For the voyage is long an' the winds don't blow,
航途遥遥,风驻云销,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
We swear by rote for want o' more,
以涛为誓,心远志高,
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离她怀抱,离她怀抱,
But now we're through so we'll go on shore,
良宵已尽,船将起锚,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
Leave her, Johnny, leave her!
离她怀抱,离她怀抱,
Oh, leave her, Johnny, leave her!
水手小子,离她怀抱!
For the voyage is long an' the winds don't blow,
航途遥遥,风驻云销,
An' it's time for us to leave her!
趁此时辰,离她怀抱!
{Chorus til Finish}
后记:本文是出于对文学和游戏的兴趣爱好而写作,水平有限,仅作娱乐;如有疏漏,还请各位不吝赐教!在此向大家表示感谢。
引用来源
[1]What are the lyrics to the sea shanty, ‘Leave Her, Johnny’?Published: December 22, 2020 at 12:11 pm
https://www.classical-music.com/features/articles/leave-her-johnny-lyrics/
[2]A Historical and Thematic Analysis of Sea Shanties
https://seashanties.weebly.com/song-analysis.html
[3]“The Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang 1994 Vol 1. green n. 1. GREENHORN 1. Mil & Naut a raw recruit”
[4]图片来源于必应、百度及谷歌搜索;翻译参考网易云音乐,有部分改动;图片对应介绍来自百度及维'基百科
歌曲链接